• Antonov A.V., Sokolov S.V., Chepurko V.A.
  NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS RESTORED EQUIPMENT OPERATING TIME ESTIMATION

In the paper the method of probabilistic estimation of residual operating time or straight residual lifetime for nuclear power plants’ (NPPs) systems and their constituent elements is considered. Defined mathematical models for calculating of this reliability characteristic take into account practical operating strategy of nuclear power unit’s systems and features of initial statistical failure data collecting, i.e. failure times of system’s elements are presented as a censored sample. Besides, the procedures of assessing the calculation accuracy based on the bootstrap method are considered.
Keywords: failure, residual lifetime, renewal system, failure flow parameter, cumulative failure rate function.

• Maksimov A.V.
  MATHEMATICAL PROBLEMS DEFINITION OF THE STRUCTURALLY PARAMETRIC VECTOR OPTIMIZATION OF THE RADIO-ELECTRONIC MEANS MULTILEVEL SUPPORTING CONSTUCTION

Up to the present a vector optimization is a very complicated technical problem regarding the issues of the multilevel systems creation solution. At this article the practically useable transition from the vector synthesis to the scalar synthesis is offered which provides the creation of the effective reliability algorithms of the construction quality control, production and operation of the radio-electronic means.
Keywords: vector optimization, multilevel system, scalar system.

• Pimenov S.A.
  CLASSIFICATION OF METHODS AND TECHNOLOGIES FOR RELIABILITY ESTIMATION OF METAL CONSRUCTIONS WORKING IN CONDITIONS OF RANDOM MECHANICAL STRESS

The methods given in article can be used at an estimation of reliability for constructions. Methods are applicable for a case of random stress. Initial data can be data on stressing history or statistical data of random stress. Stressing history data are received using constructions monitoring. Statistical data of random stress are received using technical diagnostics for constructions.
Keywords: reliability, stress, strength, failure probability.

• Bugakov J.S.
  ABOUT MAKING THE INFORMATION BANK RESULT RESEARCH EXPERT OPERATIONS REFUSAL CARS

It Is Offered to create the branded system database on refusal of the cars and result of their expert operations, is stated concept of the manner and matter of the information bank with network access of the interested consumers. For use in information bank of the enterprise was cited an instance extended abstract of the process of the analysis of the reasons of the origin complex refusal back bridge of the cars of the VASES.
Keywords: car, refusal, research expert operation, information bank, extended abstract, leading bridge, reasons of the noise, "sparing" assembly.

Functional reliability. The theory and practice

• Suchkova L.I.
  RELIABILITY ESTIMATION OF PERFORMANCE OF THE INFORMATIONAL PROCESSES IN THE DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS OF THE AUTOMATED MONITORING

The simulation model of operation of the informational processes in systems of monitoring natural and manufacturing methods is observed. In model effect of complexity of algorithms of data processing by system computing devices is considered. Possibility of probing of effect on failure rate of system of monitoring of its topology, characteristics of devices, logic of service of requests about collection and monitoring data processing is provided. Results of imitative experiments on a reliability assessment of systems of monitoring with various topologies of a network are resulted.
Keywords: the simulation model, monitoring, a computing device, data processing, failure rate, a supernumerary situation.

• Snegirev А.А., Ilyukhin А.А.
  QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF THE CONTROL SYSTEM PERFORMANCE TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE NUMBER OF ITS ELEMENT FAILURES

The paper considers alternatives for calculation of approximate values of the control system performance loss due to inoperability of its elements according to the scheme of one out of two failures.
Keywords: failure, productivity loss, operation quality, probability, reliability, effect derating factor.

• Fatjanova N.G., Vasin V.A., Vasichev B.N., Ivashov E.N., Stepanchikov S.V.
  ENSURING THE RELIABILITY OF AN ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPE

The reasons for the low-phase-contrast images with an atomic force microscope in the study of the surface. Identify ways to improve the phase contrast images in the microscope. Considered fundamentally new approaches to designing an atomic force microscope with a miniature vacuum system and devices nanodisplacement probe and the sample, providing conditions for the improvement of the phase contrast image, increase the reliability of functioning and increase the service life of the microscope.
Keywords: phase contrast, the Q factor, the atomic force microscope, a miniature vacuum pumping system, controlled vacuum medium, device nanodisplacement.

Functional safety. The theory and practice

• Gapanovich V.A., Shubinsky I.B., Zamyshlyaev A.M.
  DEVELOPMENT AND USE OF RISK MATRIX IN RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS ON RAIL TRANSPORT

The presented paper describes how to build and apply in practice risk matrix in risk management systems on rail transport. The paper has considered in details the process of analyzing the frequency and consequences of hazardous events, identified generic levels of frequencies and their characteristics used on rail transport, as well as generic levels of consequence severity. The paper introduces an example of the use of risk matrix for assessing the risk of damage to track facilities from breaks of bogie side frames of cars.
Keywords: risk, risk management system, analysis of frequency of hazardous events, level of consequence severity, risk matrix, the matrix of effects and damage, risk category, railway transport.

• Dr. Jens Braband, Dr. Hendrik Schäbe
  SOCIAL RISK, INDIVIDUAL RISK AND THEIR TIME DEPENDENCE

The exposition of an individual or a group of persons to a hazard is important, when a risk analysis is carried out to derive a safety integrity level. The same holds true, when the achieved risk of a system is computed, e.g. for a safety case. The exposition time is mentioned in several standards when the safety integrity level is derived. There, the exposition is used as a parameter, e.g. in IEC 61508 as “exposure in the hazardous zone”. Risks are sometimes given per calendar year, sometimes per hour of use. In other cases, risk is presented per person kilometres for a traffic system. The values of risk might differ, depending on the time unit which is used for indication of the risk. We compare collective and individual risks and consider the role which is played by exposition time. As a result, it turns out that providing risks should be per hour of exposition. This holds, if the exposition time for the risk is not negligible, as e.g. for Bungee jumping. Should the risk be given per calendar time, it must be indicated, which exposition is assumed, e.g. a cumulated exposition time per year or a fraction of time, where the individual or group are exposed. For traffic systems it might be worthwhile to present risk per person kilometers. The latter is often done for collective risks. If the exposition time is not correctly taken into account, differences between values might be several orders of magnitude.
Keywords: individual risk, collective risk, exposure, exposition time.

Pages of history.

• Ushakov I.A.
  100th anniversary of the birth Gnedenko B.V. - founder of the national school of reliability's theory.